Introduction to Bhartṛhari & Śatakatraya

Bhartṛhari is one of the best-loved voices of classical Sanskrit poetry. Tradition remembers him as a king of Ujjain who gave up his throne for a life of reflection, though historians still debate the details of his life and dates. What survives, and what has been read, sung and quoted for well over a hundred years, is the शतकत्रयम् (Śatakatraya), “The Three Centuries.”

The work gathers three hundred verses, a hundred each on three great themes of human life. Short, self-contained and memorable, the verses are written in a wide range of Sanskrit metres, which is part of why they are so well suited to being read aloud.

Each śataka explores a distinct side of human life. Here is what you will find in them:

Nīti नीतिशतकम्

  • Learning & good judgement
  • Character, conduct & virtue
  • Friendship, fortune & good company
  • king’s duty & ways of the world

Śṛṅgāra शृङ्गारशतकम्

  • Love, beauty & desire
  • Longing, union & separation
  • Allure & the snares of attachment
  • Love through the seasons

Vairāgya वैराग्यशतकम्

  • Detachment and the impermanence of life
  • Hollowness of wordly object
  • Time, ageing & mortality
  • Solitude, stillness & inner peace

Story Behind This Project

When I first began reading the Śatakatraya, I turned to PDFs and a handful of sites. None of them quite felt right (to me at least). Some offered no English meaning at all, and others were simply not convenient to read.

So I began gathering the verses and shaping a translation for my own use, and that slowly became this site. I am its first reader, and every verse here sits the way I wished to find it; Devanagari, IAST, English meaning, chhanda (poetic metre) & theme, together in one place. I hope it serves you equally well. What I promise you right now is that I will keep refining it in the coming days.

This site is still in beta and under active development. I am cross-checking each verse manually, and a Sanskrit scholar is also reviewing the content, so you may still find mistakes in a verse or its meaning. If you spot a bug or an error, or have a suggestion, please reach out to me through the email.

Sources & Acknowledgements

This site rests on the generous work of others. The verses, the translation and the tools behind it are not mine, and all credit belongs to their original creators. My sincere thanks to everyone who keeps these texts easily available. The resources that guided and supported this project are listed below:

About the Creator / Maintainer

Digital Satakatraya is designed, developed and maintained independently by @glansaroj. Every suggestion, correction and word of feedback is always welcome, as it helps make this site better for everyone.

This reader is free and will stay free (forever), but it takes many late nights of proofreading, researching along with ongoing maintenance. If you find value in my work, your support or sponsorship would be deeply appreciated. It also funds what comes next. (I'm planning to add more classics, e.g., Kālidāsa's Ṛtusaṃhāra & Patañjali's Yogasūtras)

Coming Up Classics

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